Main question

What attempts have been made to establish ownership of Arctic Ocean resources?

Questions

Describe the locations of the additional Arctic territories that the Russian Federation is claiming, according to the map of Resource A.

State what is the basis of the Russian Federation’s argument for extending its territorial claims in the Arctic.

Give an example of the management interactions that occur between the local scale (claims of indigenous people), the national scale (including claims of rival superpowers Russia and the USA) and the international scale (the Arctic Council).

Select the most appropriate information from the infographic on Resource E to indicate the potential resources of the Arctic Ocean.

Outline the efforts made to establish ownership of resources in the Arctic Ocean.

Resource A

A map that shows the Russian Federation’s territorial claims in the Arctic (August, 2011)
The extension of the territorial claim is based on the existence of the Lomonosov Ridge – a subterranean ridge that extends for 1,100 miles under the Arctic Ocean. The Russian Federation maintains that the ridge extends out from its continental shelf. Canada and the Kingdom of Denmark (that includes Greenland), however, also argue that the ridge is connected to their continental shelves, whilst the USA asserts that the ridge is a solo and separate continental ridge.

Key - map showing Russian territorial rights in the Arctic (in gray). The border of the EEZ (200 miles of coastline) is shown in black.

Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Russian_arctic_claim.png
Resource B

A video clip (October 2017) that discusses the ownership of Arctic Ocean resources. The clip was produced by a video –journalist from the USA.

Source: https://youtu.be/Wx_2SVm9Jgo
Resource C

Information about the territorial claims and agreements in the areas of the Arctic Ocean (September, 2013)

https://www.stimson.org/content/evolution-arctic-territorial-claims-and-agreements-timeline-1903-present
Resource D

An article that outlines the management interactions that are occurring at the local scale (claims of indigenous people), the national scale (including claims of rival superpowers Russia and the USA) and the international scale (the Arctic Council). (January 2011)

https://www.thesolutionsjournal.com/article/arctic-native-peoples-on-the-edge/

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Resource E

An infographic that offers an overview of the potential resources located in the area of the Arctic Ocean (April, 2016)

http://www.visualcapitalist.com/energy-and-mineral-riches-of-the-arctic/