4.5.3 Climate and weather of Wales and the UK
Activity 1
Main question
What factors affect the climate of the United Kingdom?
Questions

Using Resources A and B, describe the effect of latitude (Table 1) and continentality (Table 2) on temperatures in the United Kingdom.
- Describe the rainfall pattern shown in Resource C.
- Explain the variations in rainfall shown in Resource C.
Calculate the Spearman's Rank Correlation to discover whether altitude affects the climatic characteristics shown in Resource D.
Suggest reasons why relief affects the climate.
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Resource A
Table 1:
Number on the map Weather Station Period Maximum Temperature (°C) Minimum Temperature (°C) 1 Wick Annual Mean 10.8 5.1 2 Mylnefield Annual Mean 12.4 5.3 3 Stockton on Tees Annual Mean 13.1 5.2 4 Sutton Bonnington Annual Mean 13.9 6.1 5 Solent Annual Mean 14.5 8.2
Table 2:
Number on the map Weather Station Period Maximum Temperature (°C) Minimum Temperature (°C) 6 Gogerddan January 8.1 2.5 July 19.4 12.4 Annual Mean 13.5 6.7 7 Coleshill January 6.9 1.4 July 21.8 11.8 Annual Mean 13.8 6.1 8 Scole January 6.9 1.3 July 22.6 11.8 Annual Mean 14.4 6.1 Resource B
Location of Weather Stations in Resource A.
Resource C
Location on map Station Altitude (metres) Rainfall (mm) Rain days (>1mm) A Penycwm 102 1138.4 151.4 B Tredegar 324 1674.2 166.5 C Ross on Wye 41 733.5 116.9
Wales’s relief and the location of the weather stations.
Source - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wales_relief_location_map.jpg - Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right. Source Ordnance Survey OpenData - This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Resource D
12 weather stations chosen at random.
Station Altitude (metres) Mean Annual Temperature (°C) Frost days Rainfall (mm) Rain days (>1 mm) Valley 10 10.5 20 841 143 Carmarthen 26 10.1 49 1323 157 Saint Athan 49 10.6 27 999 145 Trawsgoed 63 9.9 52 1217 171 Rhyl 77 10.2 31 814 146 Aberdaron 95 10.4 7 874 142 Aberporth 133 9.9 19 888 146 Bala 163 8.9 64 1295 166 Cwmystradllyn 204 9.4 36 1945 195 Capel Curig 216 9.0 50 2612 200 Sennybridge 307 8.2 65 1551 181 Vyrnwy 360 8.3 60 1635 182